Outside the archive
The reference shelf
A curated shelf of outside references on screen capture, image formats, web archiving, accessibility, and performance. The notes are short. The reading around them can go much further.
Every link here opens a different website. The list is grouped by subject so you can go straight to the part you need. No affiliation is implied, and no link is paid placement.
Last reviewed
October 2026
- Capture on Windows, Mac, and mobile
- Desktop capture tools
- Browser capture and full page tools
- Editing and conversion
- Formats, color, and metadata
- Web archiving and preservation
- Accessibility and inclusive publishing
- Performance and testing
- Typography and layout
- Privacy and evidence
Capture on Windows, Mac, and mobile
Official help pages for capturing the screen on common systems.
- Windows Snipping Tool (opens in a new tab)
- Windows Snipping Tool shortcut (opens in a new tab)
- Mac screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- iPhone screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- iPad screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- Android screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- Samsung screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- Firefox screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- Chrome DevTools (opens in a new tab)
- Edge DevTools (opens in a new tab)
- Safari Web Inspector (opens in a new tab)
- KDE Spectacle (opens in a new tab)
Desktop capture tools
Capture utilities for desktop systems, from quick annotations to full recording.
- ShareX (opens in a new tab)
- Greenshot (opens in a new tab)
- Flameshot (opens in a new tab)
- Shutter (opens in a new tab)
- Snagit (opens in a new tab)
- Lightshot (opens in a new tab)
- Screenpresso (opens in a new tab)
- PicPick (opens in a new tab)
- FastStone (opens in a new tab)
- OBS Studio (opens in a new tab)
- ScreenToGif (opens in a new tab)
- LICEcap (opens in a new tab)
- Peek (opens in a new tab)
- SimpleScreenRecorder (opens in a new tab)
Browser capture and full page tools
Capture tools that work inside a browser, plus the panels used to inspect a page.
Editing and conversion
Editors, converters, compressors, and format tools for the image after it leaves the screen.
- GIMP (opens in a new tab)
- Krita (opens in a new tab)
- Paint.NET (opens in a new tab)
- Photopea (opens in a new tab)
- Pixlr (opens in a new tab)
- darktable (opens in a new tab)
- RawTherapee (opens in a new tab)
- ExifTool (opens in a new tab)
- ImageMagick (opens in a new tab)
- XnConvert (opens in a new tab)
- IrfanView (opens in a new tab)
- Squoosh (opens in a new tab)
- TinyPNG (opens in a new tab)
- ImageOptim (opens in a new tab)
- OptiPNG (opens in a new tab)
- FFmpeg (opens in a new tab)
Formats, color, and metadata
Specifications and reference material for the file types and color data behind a screenshot.
- PNG specification (opens in a new tab)
- PNG home (opens in a new tab)
- JPEG (opens in a new tab)
- WebP (opens in a new tab)
- AVIF (opens in a new tab)
- MDN image formats (opens in a new tab)
- MDN MIME types (opens in a new tab)
- MDN Canvas (opens in a new tab)
- MDN Screen Capture (opens in a new tab)
- IANA media types (opens in a new tab)
- ICC color (opens in a new tab)
- EXIF standard (opens in a new tab)
- IPTC metadata (opens in a new tab)
- SVG 2 (opens in a new tab)
- CSS Color 4 (opens in a new tab)
- Data URLs (opens in a new tab)
Web archiving and preservation
Services and standards for keeping a page, a file, or a whole site available over time.
- Internet Archive (opens in a new tab)
- Wayback Machine (opens in a new tab)
- IIPC (opens in a new tab)
- Common Crawl (opens in a new tab)
- WARC specifications (opens in a new tab)
- ArchiveBox (opens in a new tab)
- Webrecorder (opens in a new tab)
- Conifer (opens in a new tab)
- Zotero (opens in a new tab)
- Tropy (opens in a new tab)
- DROID (opens in a new tab)
- PRONOM (opens in a new tab)
- DPC Handbook (opens in a new tab)
- LOC digital formats (opens in a new tab)
- UK Web Archive (opens in a new tab)
- NDSA (opens in a new tab)
- Digital Preservation Coalition (opens in a new tab)
Accessibility and inclusive publishing
Guidance for publishing images and interfaces that more people can use.
- WCAG (opens in a new tab)
- WCAG 2.2 (opens in a new tab)
- WCAG quick reference (opens in a new tab)
- W3C alt text (opens in a new tab)
- WebAIM (opens in a new tab)
- WebAIM contrast (opens in a new tab)
- WebAIM alt text (opens in a new tab)
- A11y Project (opens in a new tab)
- Inclusive Components (opens in a new tab)
- GOV.UK Design System (opens in a new tab)
- MDN Accessibility (opens in a new tab)
- WAI (opens in a new tab)
- WAI ARIA practices (opens in a new tab)
- WAVE (opens in a new tab)
- ARIA in HTML (opens in a new tab)
- WAI tutorials (opens in a new tab)
- WAI evaluating (opens in a new tab)
- Section 508 (opens in a new tab)
- axe (opens in a new tab)
- Pa11y (opens in a new tab)
- WAI design and develop (opens in a new tab)
- MDN accessible HTML (opens in a new tab)
Performance and testing
Tools and writing on speed, rendering, and the tests that keep a page healthy.
- web.dev fast (opens in a new tab)
- PageSpeed Insights (opens in a new tab)
- HTTP Archive (opens in a new tab)
- Core Web Vitals (opens in a new tab)
- MDN lazy loading (opens in a new tab)
- MDN responsive images (opens in a new tab)
- MDN img element (opens in a new tab)
- Lighthouse (opens in a new tab)
- Optimize LCP (opens in a new tab)
- Optimize CLS (opens in a new tab)
- Optimize INP (opens in a new tab)
- Playwright (opens in a new tab)
- MDN cache control (opens in a new tab)
- MDN web performance (opens in a new tab)
- Browser lazy loading (opens in a new tab)
- Lighthouse performance (opens in a new tab)
- Puppeteer (opens in a new tab)
- Firefox network monitor (opens in a new tab)
- Lighthouse accessibility (opens in a new tab)
- Responsive web design (opens in a new tab)
Typography and layout
Reference material for type, spacing, and layout on the web.
- Every Layout (opens in a new tab)
- Utopia (opens in a new tab)
- Type Scale (opens in a new tab)
- Practical Typography (opens in a new tab)
- Butterick web typography (opens in a new tab)
- Google Fonts (opens in a new tab)
- Fonts In Use (opens in a new tab)
- Open Color (opens in a new tab)
- Bulma (opens in a new tab)
- A List Apart (opens in a new tab)
- MDN CSS (opens in a new tab)
- CSS Grid (opens in a new tab)
- CSS Flexbox (opens in a new tab)
- Selectors 4 (opens in a new tab)
- Smashing Magazine (opens in a new tab)
- CSS Tricks (opens in a new tab)
- Modular Scale (opens in a new tab)
- Typewolf (opens in a new tab)
Privacy and evidence
Privacy and evidence material for anyone who captures a screen.
- W3C Privacy (opens in a new tab)
- EFF (opens in a new tab)
- Privacy Guides (opens in a new tab)
- Surveillance Self Defense (opens in a new tab)
- Tactical Tech (opens in a new tab)
- Data Detox Kit (opens in a new tab)
- Mozilla privacy (opens in a new tab)
- Google Safety Center (opens in a new tab)
- Stay Safe Online (opens in a new tab)
- Wikipedia Screenshot (opens in a new tab)
- Wikimedia Commons screenshots (opens in a new tab)
- NIST privacy framework (opens in a new tab)
Web Page Snapshot does not control the content on these outside sites. A link here is a pointer for further reading, not an endorsement of every page on the destination site.